吕宋岛西北部金枪鱼渔民的社会经济概况
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摘要
通过问卷调查的方式对吕宋岛西北部(I区)的金枪鱼渔民进行了研究。511名受访者中有178人来自伊洛科斯苏尔,200人来自拉尤尼安,133人来自邦阿西南。他们大多年龄在50岁以下,接受过基础教育,已婚,有3-9个孩子的大家庭,拥有自己的房子,年收入约为35000英镑。几乎所有的调查对象都以捕鱼为唯一的谋生手段,但有些人以务农作为捕鱼收入的补充。大多数人每晚或白天工作,36%的人每隔一天或一天去钓鱼,13%的人每周钓鱼五次。大多数渔民晚上出海捕鱼。52%的渔民在离岸50公里以内工作;38%的鱼在51-100公里范围内捕鱼,其余的鱼在100公里甚至200公里范围内捕鱼。拉尤尼翁渔民的工作距离海岸最近(平均38公里),而Pangasinan渔民的工作距离海岸最远(平均92公里)。超过90%的渔民使用机动班卡船,这使他们有可能在更远的海域捕鱼。 Only 36% of the fishers owned the boats and fishing gears they used, and most did not. In all three provinces, the capital for the fishing enterprise came mainly from savings. The average cost of motorized boats was P31,200; non-motorized boats, P1,200. Longlining was the most preferred fishing method in the region. Hand lining was the second most preferred in Ilocos Sur and Pangasinan. Gillnetting and other methods (rabuk, kawil, pana, and bira-bira) were ranked third and fourth, and trawling was the least preferred. Drift gill nets used for tunas cost on average P680; tuna long lines, about P600; tuna hand lines, P345; and troll lines, P750. The main species caught by the fishers were skipjack tuna, yellowfin tuna, frigate tuna, Spanish mackerel, rainbow runner, dolphinfish, sailfish, blue marlin, and threadfins. In Ilocos Sur, most fishers reported catches of 11-20 kg in one trip, and a few fishers caught 50 kg. Spanish mackerel and sailfish gave the fishers better incomes than the other species. Fish catches and prices and fisher incomes in La Union were lower than in Ilocos Sur. Threadfins were more abundant in La Union. Fishers in Pangasinan did not catch sailfin, marlin, or threadfins, but caught higher volumes (20–60 kg/trip) of the other species.
建议引用
Panay, V. R., & leda, N. L.(2007)。吕宋岛西北部金枪鱼渔民的社会经济概况。T. U. Bagarinao(编),渔业部门项目的研究产出(第2卷)。渔业和水产养殖报告,第28-34页)。菲律宾奎松市:农业部农业研究局。