斑节对虾(Penaeus monodon)养殖中整合鳍鱼:一种有效的疾病预防策略
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摘要
在菲律宾西尼格罗斯进行了将鳍鱼(即罗非鱼)与斑节对虾(Penaeus monodon)融合养殖的养殖试验,以预防对虾发光弧菌病。该农场从1987年到1995年一直从事虾的单一养殖。然而,1994年开始流行的发光弧菌病暴发促使养殖场经营者于1995-1996年转向罗非鱼养殖。养殖场在1996年恢复了对虾养殖,但那时罗非鱼已经被纳入养殖系统。本文报告了1999年3个池塘(池7,9,29)的试验结果。这些池塘以前用于养殖罗非鱼已有两年时间。在养殖虾的过程中,他们从装满罗非鱼的水库中取水,而在虾池里,罗非鱼也被关在笼子里。该技术将作物轮作、生物预处理和多元栽培融为一体。在培养期间对土壤、水和对虾进行了化学和细菌质量监测。对虾养殖水质参数在正常范围内。 Luminous bacterial counts in water and shrimp were consistently below 10 colony forming units (cfu)/ml and 103 cfu/hepatopancreas (hp), respectively. These levels are below threshold levels associated with luminous vibriosis outbreaks. With a stocking density of 19.43 shrimp postlarvae (PL)/m2, pond 7 yielded 2,605 kg shrimp/ha with an estimated survival of 35.65% after 109 days of culture (DOC). With a stocking density of 18.69 PL/ m2, pond 9 yielded 5,472 kg shrimp/ha with survival of 100% after 148 DOC. With a stocking density of 19.33 PL/m2, Pond 29 yielded 5,702 kg shrimp/ha with survival of 82.66% after 151 DOC. The relatively low production in pond 7 can be attributed to the inferior quality of the batch of stocked shrimp PL that already had a low survival of 50% at DOC 30. Comparing the production performance from this present trial with that of this and other farms before the 1994 outbreaks, these good results cannot simply be attributed to chance despite of the lack of control in this farm trial. These results are consistent with the results of a previous trial of the same farm, the ongoing verification trials in Negros Occidental, and the observations of many farmers in other parts of the country on the potential of shrimp-finfish integration in preventing luminous vibriosis in shrimp.
建议引用
Paclibare, J. O., Usero, R. C., Somga, J. R., & Visitacion, R. N.(2002)。斑节对虾(Penaeus monodon)养殖中整合鳍鱼:一种有效的疾病预防策略。在Y. Inui和E. R. Cruz-Lacierda (Eds.),东南亚鱼虾养殖疾病控制-诊断和饲养技术:《海洋局-世界动物卫生组织关于东南亚鱼虾养殖疾病控制——诊断和养殖技术的研讨会-讲习班纪要》,2001年12月4日至6日,菲律宾伊洛伊洛市(第151-171页)。菲律宾伊洛伊洛Tigbauan:海洋水产养殖部。