渔业部门计划的研究成果:第2卷。渔业和水产养殖报告 http://hdl.handle.net/10862/3258 8月2日星期一00:54:35 2021 - 08 - 02 - t00:54:35z 渔业部门计划的研究成果:第2卷。渔业和水产养殖报告 //www.pmendonca.com:443/bitstream/id/cc4d87d0-0e32-4021-be17-db671d643804/http://hdl.handle.net/10862/3258 吕宋岛西北部金枪鱼渔民的社会经济概况 http://hdl.handle.net/10862/3262 吕宋岛西北部金枪鱼渔民的社会经济概况;一项对吕宋岛(I区)西北部金枪鱼渔民的研究是通过问卷调查的方式完成的。511名受访者中有178人来自伊洛科斯苏尔(Ilocos Sur), 200人来自拉尤尼昂(La Union), 133人来自Pangasinan。他们大多不到50岁,接受过基础教育,结婚,有3-9个孩子的大家庭,拥有自己的房子,年收入只有3.5万英镑左右。捕鱼是几乎所有受访者的唯一谋生手段,但有些受访者以务农作为捕鱼收入的补充。大多数人每天晚上或白天工作,36%的人每隔一晚或一天去钓鱼,13%的人每周去钓鱼5次。大多数渔民晚上出海捕鱼。整整52%的渔民在距海岸50公里以内作业;38%的人在51-100公里范围内捕鱼,其余的人出海超过100公里甚至200公里。拉尤尼渔民离海岸最近(平均38公里),而潘加西南渔民离海岸最远(平均92公里)。 More than 90% of all fishers used motorized bancas, which made it possible for them to fish farther out to sea. Only 36% of the fishers owned the boats and fishing gears they used, and most did not. In all three provinces, the capital for the fishing enterprise came mainly from savings. The average cost of motorized boats was P31,200; non-motorized boats, P1,200. Longlining was the most preferred fishing method in the region. Hand lining was the second most preferred in Ilocos Sur and Pangasinan. Gillnetting and other methods (rabuk, kawil, pana, and bira-bira) were ranked third and fourth, and trawling was the least preferred. Drift gill nets used for tunas cost on average P680; tuna long lines, about P600; tuna hand lines, P345; and troll lines, P750. The main species caught by the fishers were skipjack tuna, yellowfin tuna, frigate tuna, Spanish mackerel, rainbow runner, dolphinfish, sailfish, blue marlin, and threadfins. In Ilocos Sur, most fishers reported catches of 11-20 kg in one trip, and a few fishers caught 50 kg. Spanish mackerel and sailfish gave the fishers better incomes than the other species. Fish catches and prices and fisher incomes in La Union were lower than in Ilocos Sur. Threadfins were more abundant in La Union. Fishers in Pangasinan did not catch sailfin, marlin, or threadfins, but caught higher volumes (20–60 kg/trip) of the other species. 格林尼治时间2007年1月1日星期一00:00:00 http://hdl.handle.net/10862/3262 2007 - 01 - 01 - t00:00:00z 大豆粕和米糠在石斑鱼饲料中的应用 http://hdl.handle.net/10862/3278 黄斑石斑鱼配合饲料中豆粕和米糠的应用Miag-ao, s . l .;配制两种饲料,分别为8-14%豆粕、9-18%米糠、34-40%鱼粉、4-5%贻贝粉、7-8%醋酸虾粉和11-13%鱼肝油。以4:1的比例加入豆粕和米糠,分别替代12.5%和25%的动物蛋白源。两种饲料分别配制为干D和湿M。D12.5、M12.5、D25和M25 4种试验饲粮蛋白质含量为40 ~ 42%,总能为4000千卡/克。对照饲粮为粗蛋白质44%、4 260 kcal/g的干饲粮,添加30%秘鲁鱼粉、8%鱿鱼粉、22%醋酸虾粉、8%鱼肝油和8%大豆油,不含植物蛋白来源。将5种饲料分别投喂于室内400 L混凝土饲养箱(每箱10尾),平均体重为1.63±0.47 ~ 2.41±0.91 g的石斑鱼幼鱼。10周后,试验饲粮和对照对石斑鱼幼鱼的生长、采食量、饲料系数(1.2 ~ 2.2)和存活率(60 ~ 80%)无显著差异。采收石斑鱼的胴体组成在不同饲料间无显著差异。 Protein utilization was best among the fish fed the test diet D12.5. This study showed that soybean meal and rice bran at 4:1 ratio can be included in formulated diets for grouper to replace 12.5% to 25% of the animal protein sources. However, the results for the test diets may also have been due to other factors - the high fish meal content, inclusion of mussel meal, and increase in cod liver oil. 格林尼治时间2007年1月1日星期一00:00:00 http://hdl.handle.net/10862/3278 2007 - 01 - 01 - t00:00:00z 用沉淀法、海藻和贻贝生物过滤法处理虾池废水 http://hdl.handle.net/10862/3276 用沉淀法和海藻和贻贝生物过滤法处理虾池废水在3个1000 m2的池塘中饲养1.2万尾/池塘,培养141天。池塘的水质在生长期间进行了监测,特别是在每次换水前后。在生长期间,由于生物量和饲料投入的增加,出水的BOD、叶绿素a和总溶解固体增加。无机氮、活性磷、总悬浮固体和硫化氢也有类似的趋势。排水和注水后,浓度下降。土壤样品也显示出有机质、有效磷、碳和氮含量在生长期间有所增加。半集约虾池的废水排入8个处理池(每个处理池200m 2): 3个沉淀池,3个江蓠处理池20 kg/池,2个蚌处理池10/m 。分别对污水添加后、1周、2周后、排水前处理池的pH值、氨氮、亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐、活性磷、生化需氧量、叶绿素a、总悬浮固体和总溶解固体进行测定。每隔2周对土壤pH、有机质和磷进行分析。 The changes in these variables were similar among the three treatments in the eight ponds. In this study, water quality of effluents improved after one week in the treatment ponds. 格林尼治时间2007年1月1日星期一00:00:00 http://hdl.handle.net/10862/3276 2007 - 01 - 01 - t00:00:00z 菲律宾三宝颜市和巴西兰附近石斑鱼资源评估 http://hdl.handle.net/10862/3275 菲律宾三宝颜市和巴西兰附近石斑鱼资源评估参孙,r . a;1993年11月至1994年10月期间,在三宝岩市和巴西兰附近的6个市场(占生物量的96%)和3个渔场(106公斤,4%)的指定渔网共采集了2,643公斤石斑鱼。共收集7属26种,分别为:石斑鱼属、石斑鱼属、石斑鱼属、石斑鱼属、石斑鱼属、石斑鱼属和天花属。生物量最高的3种植物分别为:束纹石斑鱼(26%)、索头石斑鱼(14%)和高岭土石斑鱼(13%)。六斑石斑鱼(0.1%)、乳斑石斑鱼(0.1%)和六斑石斑鱼(0.3%)的生物量贡献最小。石斑鱼生物量在11 - 4月较低,5 - 10月较大。指定渔网捕获的石斑鱼多为石斑鱼(占总数的50%)。石斑鱼的最高捕获量为0.8 kg/笼。7月在Cruz岛,9月在Malamawi岛附近,所有底栖鱼类的最高捕获量为7公斤/笼。 On average, groupers made up less than 10% of the monthly catch of fish traps. The groupers collected from the markets and from the fish traps averaged 28 cm in total length— all young juveniles. Cromileptes altivelis (average 38 cm) were the largest individuals and Plectropomus spp. (36 cm) similarly so. The largest C. altivelis (1.5 kg) was caught in December and the smallest (0.8 kg) in April and August. The various Cephalopholis species averaged 31 cm, and the various Epinephelus species were smallest at 26 cm. Groupers were largest in December and smallest between January and May. Length-weight equations were derived for seven grouper species. Of the 78 grouper stomachs that were dissected, 52 were empty and 26 contained food, mainly crabs, anchovies, hermit crabs, soldierfish, squids, and shrimps. Groupers with mature and ripe varies had from 3,000 to 11,000 eggs per gram ovary. 格林尼治时间2007年1月1日星期一00:00:00 http://hdl.handle.net/10862/3275 2007 - 01 - 01 - t00:00:00z